paracrine signalings การใช้

• Additionally, paracrine signaling of Fgf is essential in the developing eye of chicks.
• Chemerin has been implicated in autocrine / paracrine signaling for adipocyte differentiation and also stimulation of lipolysis.
• Sulf1 displays regulation of amphiregulin and HB-EGF-mediated autocrine and paracrine signaling in breast cancer.
• This soluble ectodomain is the cytokine commonly known as TNF-?, which is of pivotal importance in paracrine signaling.
• "CFC1B " has oncogene potential due to the tumor cell proliferation through initiation by autocrine or paracrine signaling.
• In mature organisms, paracrine signaling is involved in responses to allergens, tissue repair, the formation of scar tissue, and blood clotting.
• Although paracrine signaling elicits a diverse array of responses in the induced cells, most paracrine factors utilize a relatively streamlined set of TGF-? superfamily.
• Agouti signalling peptide is a paracrine signaling molecule that competes with alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone ( ?-MSH ) for melanocortin 1 receptor proteins ( MC1R ).
• In 1996, Lustig and Marc Kirschner invented a paracrine signaling assay and used it to identify Xnr1, which is part of a cell signaling pathway generating left-right asymmetry.
• In performing these tasks, eicosanoids most often act as autocrine signaling agents to impact their cells of origin or as paracrine signaling agents to impact cells near to their cells of origin.
• Cells communicate with each other via direct contact ( juxtacrine signaling ), over short distances ( paracrine signaling ), or over large distances and / or scales ( endocrine signaling ).
• This results to the conclusion that a certain baseline level of FGF activity possibly through autocrine or paracrine signaling sustains the display of FGF receptors even in conditions that normally would not favor growth.
• These stem-progenitor cells are deficient in estrogen receptor ? and progesterone receptor and instead rely on substantially higher levels of these receptors in surrounding differentiated cells to mediate estrogen and progesterone actions via paracrine signaling.
• STING plays an important role in Type I interferon, mediated by STING, protects infected cells and nearby cells from local infection by binding to the same cell that secretes it ( autocrine signaling ) and nearby cells ( paracrine signaling .)
• Leukotrienes use lipid signaling to convey information to either the cell producing them ( autocrine signaling ) or neighboring cells ( paracrine signaling ) in order to regulate immune responses . "'Leukotriene "'production is usually accompanied by the production of histamine and prostaglandins, which also act as inflammatory mediators.
• Unlike hormones which are secreted by cells, travel in the circulation to alter the behavior of distant cells, and thereby act as Endocrine signalling agents, these arachidonic acid metabolites act locally as Autocrine signalling and / or Paracrine signaling agents to regulate the behavior of their cells of origin or of nearby cells, respectively.